| Date | Event | Composers, Works, Performers |
|---|---|---|
| Sunday 26-May-13 11:00am |
Beethovenhalle, Bonn4. Mendelssohn um 11 |
|
| More info... | ||
| Beethovenhalle, Bonn, 53113 Bonn, Germany Sunday 26-May-13 11:00am 4. Mendelssohn um 11 | ||
| Sunday 26-May-13 11:00am |
Residenz: Fürstensaal, WürzburgMatinée recital Mozartfest Würzburg |
Bach J.S., Sonata for oboe and harpsichord in E minor Telemann, Sonata in A minor for oboe and harpsichord |
![]() | ||
| Residenz: Fürstensaal, Würzburg, Residenz 2, 97070 Würzburg, Germany Sunday 26-May-13 11:00am Matinée recital Bach, Johann Sebastian (1685-1750), Sonata for oboe and harpsichord in E minor Telemann, Georg Philipp (1681-1767), Sonata in A minor for oboe and harpsichord | ||
| Sunday 26-May-13 11:00am |
Ludwigsburg Palace: TheatreThe little sunday concert Ludwigsburg Festival |
Schwartzkopff, Sonata all'imitazione del rossignol e cuocco |
| More info... | ||
| Ludwigsburg Palace: Theatre, Schlossstraße 30,, 71634 Ludwigsburg, Germany Sunday 26-May-13 11:00am The little sunday concert Schwartzkopff, Theodor (1659-1732), Sonata all'imitazione del rossignol e cuocco | ||
| Sunday 26-May-13 11:00am |
Philharmonie, KölnSinfoniekonzert10 |
Mussorgsky, Pictures at an Exhibition (Orchestration by Maurice Ravel) |
![]() | ||
| Philharmonie, Köln, Bischofsgartenstraße 1, 50667 Köln, Germany Sunday 26-May-13 11:00am Sinfoniekonzert10 ![]() Image credit: Gerd Mothes Mussorgsky, Modest Petrovich (1839-1881), Pictures at an Exhibition (Orchestration by Maurice Ravel) | ||
| Sunday 26-May-13 05:00pm |
Robert Schumann Haus, ZwickauSchumann Plus V - Märchenhaft |
|
| More info... | ||
| Robert Schumann Haus, Zwickau, Hauptmarkt 5, 08056 Zwickau, Germany, Zwickau, Germany Sunday 26-May-13 05:00pm Schumann Plus V - Märchenhaft | ||
| Sunday 26-May-13 07:00pm |
Laeiszhalle: Großer Saal, HamburgNachgesang |
|
![]() | ||
| Laeiszhalle: Großer Saal, Hamburg, Johannes-Brahms-Platz 20, D 20355 Hamburg, Germany Sunday 26-May-13 07:00pm Nachgesang ![]() | ||
| Sunday 26-May-13 07:30pm |
Gewandhaus, Großer Saal, LeipzigMDR Zauber der Musik |
|
| More info... | ||
| Gewandhaus, Großer Saal, Leipzig, D 04109 Leipzig, Germany Sunday 26-May-13 07:30pm MDR Zauber der Musik | ||
| Sunday 26-May-13 08:00pm |
Kulturzentrum August Everding: Kammerkonzertsaal, BottropBenjamin Moser Ruhr Piano Festival |
Wagner, Die Walküre: Siegmunds Liebesgesang - Feuerzauber (tr. for piano by Louis Brassin) Wagner, Die Walküre: Ride of the Valkyries (tr. for piano by Louis Brassin) |
![]() | ||
| Kulturzentrum August Everding: Kammerkonzertsaal, Bottrop, Böckenhoffstr. 30, 46236 Bottrop, Germany Sunday 26-May-13 08:00pm Benjamin Moser Prices € 42 | 30 | 18 Wagner, Richard (1813-1883), Die Walküre: Siegmunds Liebesgesang - Feuerzauber (tr. for piano by Louis Brassin) Wagner, Richard (1813-1883), Die Walküre: Ride of the Valkyries (tr. for piano by Louis Brassin) | ||
| Sunday 26-May-13 08:00pm |
Residenz: Kaisersaal, WürzburgOrchestre des Champs-Elysées Mozartfest Würzburg |
|
![]() | ||
| Residenz: Kaisersaal, Würzburg, Residenzplatz 2, 97090 Würzburg, Germany Sunday 26-May-13 08:00pm Orchestre des Champs-Elysées ![]() Image credit: Oliver Lang | ||
| Monday 27-May-13 08:00pm |
Folkwang Universität der Künste, EssenElena Bashkirova (Klavier) Michael Barenboim (Violine) Tatjana Masurenko (Viola) Nicholas Altstaedt (Violoncello) Pascal Moragues (Klarinette) Ruhr Piano Festival |
|
![]() | ||
| Folkwang Universität der Künste, Essen, Klemensborn 39, 45239 Essen, Germany Monday 27-May-13 08:00pm Elena Bashkirova (Klavier) Michael Barenboim (Violine) Tatjana Masurenko (Viola) Nicholas Altstaedt (Violoncello) Pascal Moragues (Klarinette) Prices € 50 | 40 | 28 | 1815% discount on a single ticket with the purchase of at least five concerts of the "chamber music" series | ||
| Monday 27-May-13 08:00pm |
Tonhalle: Großer Saal, DüsseldorfDüsseldorf Symphony |
|
| More info... | ||
| Tonhalle: Großer Saal, Düsseldorf, Ehrenhof 1, D 40479 Düsseldorf, Germany Monday 27-May-13 08:00pm Düsseldorf Symphony | ||
| Monday 27-May-13 08:00pm |
Philharmonie, KölnSinfoniekonzert10 |
Mussorgsky, Pictures at an Exhibition (Orchestration by Maurice Ravel) |
![]() | ||
| Philharmonie, Köln, Bischofsgartenstraße 1, 50667 Köln, Germany Monday 27-May-13 08:00pm Sinfoniekonzert10 ![]() Image credit: Gerd Mothes Mussorgsky, Modest Petrovich (1839-1881), Pictures at an Exhibition (Orchestration by Maurice Ravel) | ||
| Tuesday 28-May-13 08:00pm |
Haus Opherdicke: Spiegelsaal, HolzwickedeSophie-Mayuko Vetter Ruhr Piano Festival |
Ruzicka, "Über Unstern" Späte Gedanken für Klavier (world première; Ruhr Piano Festival commission) |
![]() | ||
| Haus Opherdicke: Spiegelsaal, Holzwickede, Dorfstr. 29, 59439 Holzwickede, Germany Tuesday 28-May-13 08:00pm Sophie-Mayuko Vetter Prices € 40 | 30 | 18 Wagner, Richard (1813-1883), Piano Sonata in A sharp major "Ankunft bei den schwarzen Schwänen", WWV 95 Ruzicka, Peter (b. 1948), "Über Unstern" Späte Gedanken für Klavier (world première; Ruhr Piano Festival commission) | ||
| Tuesday 28-May-13 08:00pm |
Philharmonie: Kammermusiksaal, BerlinOrchester-Akademie der Berliner Philharmoniker |
|
| More info... | ||
| Philharmonie: Kammermusiksaal, Berlin, D10785 Berlin, Germany Tuesday 28-May-13 08:00pm Orchester-Akademie der Berliner Philharmoniker | ||
| Tuesday 28-May-13 08:00pm |
Philharmonie, KölnSinfoniekonzert10 |
Mussorgsky, Pictures at an Exhibition (Orchestration by Maurice Ravel) |
![]() | ||
| Philharmonie, Köln, Bischofsgartenstraße 1, 50667 Köln, Germany Tuesday 28-May-13 08:00pm Sinfoniekonzert10 ![]() Image credit: Gerd Mothes Mussorgsky, Modest Petrovich (1839-1881), Pictures at an Exhibition (Orchestration by Maurice Ravel) | ||
| Wednesday 29-May-13 08:00pm |
Konzerthalle Bamberg: Joseph Keilberth SaalBamberger Symphoniker |
|
![]() | ||
| Konzerthalle Bamberg: Joseph Keilberth Saal, Mußstr. 1, 96047 Bamberg, Germany Wednesday 29-May-13 08:00pm Bamberger Symphoniker ![]() Image credit: Peter Eberts | ||
| Wednesday 29-May-13 08:00pm |
Philharmonie: Großer Saal, BerlinBerliner Philharmoniker, Sir Simon Rattle |
|
| More info... | ||
| Philharmonie: Großer Saal, Berlin, D10785 Berlin, Germany Wednesday 29-May-13 08:00pm Berliner Philharmoniker, Sir Simon Rattle Boulez, Pierre (b. 1925), Notations, for orchestra (selection) | ||
| Wednesday 29-May-13 08:00pm |
Residenz: Kaisersaal, WürzburgKammerorchester Basel Mozartfest Würzburg |
Mozart, Music for a pantomime, KV 446 |
![]() | ||
| Residenz: Kaisersaal, Würzburg, Residenzplatz 2, 97090 Würzburg, Germany Wednesday 29-May-13 08:00pm Kammerorchester Basel ![]() Image credit: Oliver Lang Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus (1756-1791), Music for a pantomime, KV 446 | ||
| Wednesday 29-May-13 08:00pm |
Philharmonie: Alfried Krupp Saal, EssenYaara Tal & Andreas Groethuysen Ruhr Piano Festival |
Wagner, Der Fliegende Holländer (The Flying Dutchman): overture (arr. for two pianos by Claude Deubssy) Wagner, Götterdämmerung: Siegfried's Death (arr. for two pianos by Alfred Pringsheim) Wagner, Tannhäuser: Bacchanale (arr. for two pianos by Paul Dukas) Debussy, Prelude à l'après-midi d'un faune (arr. for two pianos) Wagner, Götterdamerung: excerpts (Siegfried's Funeral and final scene, arr. for two pianos by Alfred Pringsheim) |
![]() | ||
| Philharmonie: Alfried Krupp Saal, Essen, Huyssenallee 53, 45128 Essen, Germany Wednesday 29-May-13 08:00pm Yaara Tal & Andreas Groethuysen Prices € 40 | 30 | 18 Wagner, Richard (1813-1883), Der Fliegende Holländer (The Flying Dutchman): overture (arr. for two pianos by Claude Deubssy) Wagner, Richard (1813-1883), Götterdämmerung: Siegfried's Death (arr. for two pianos by Alfred Pringsheim) Wagner, Richard (1813-1883), Tannhäuser: Bacchanale (arr. for two pianos by Paul Dukas) Debussy, Claude (1862-1918), Prelude à l'après-midi d'un faune (arr. for two pianos) Wagner, Richard (1813-1883), Götterdamerung: excerpts (Siegfried's Funeral and final scene, arr. for two pianos by Alfred Pringsheim) | ||
| Thursday 30-May-13 |
Philharmonie, KölnMahler Chamber Orchestra |
|
| More info... | ||
| Philharmonie, Köln, Bischofsgartenstraße 1, 50667 Köln, Germany Thursday 30-May-13 Mahler Chamber Orchestra | ||
| Thursday 30-May-13 07:45pm |
Stadthalle, Göttingen"Spätwerk" - "Late Works" |
|
| More info... | ||
| Stadthalle, Göttingen, 37073 Göttingen, Germany Thursday 30-May-13 07:45pm "Spätwerk" - "Late Works" | ||
| Thursday 30-May-13 08:00pm |
Frauenkirche, DresdenRoyal Stockholm Philharmonic – Haenchen – Zimmermann |
|
![]() | ||
| Frauenkirche, Dresden, D 01067 Dresden, Germany Thursday 30-May-13 08:00pm Royal Stockholm Philharmonic – Haenchen – Zimmermann | ||
| Thursday 30-May-13 08:00pm |
Philharmonie: Großer Saal, BerlinBerliner Philharmoniker, Sir Simon Rattle |
|
| More info... | ||
| Philharmonie: Großer Saal, Berlin, D10785 Berlin, Germany Thursday 30-May-13 08:00pm Berliner Philharmoniker, Sir Simon Rattle Boulez, Pierre (b. 1925), Notations, for orchestra (selection) | ||
| Thursday 30-May-13 08:00pm |
Harenberg City-Center: Amphi-Saal, Dortmund"The best of the best" | Winners Concert 1: Varvara Ruhr Piano Festival |
|
![]() | ||
| Harenberg City-Center: Amphi-Saal, Dortmund, Königswall 21, 44137 Dortmund, Germany Thursday 30-May-13 08:00pm "The best of the best" | Winners Concert 1: Varvara Prices € 24 | 15 (concessions)15% discount for all four concerts in the series "The best of the best" | ||
| Friday 31-May-13 |
Konzerthaus, DortmundMahler Chamber Orchestra |
|
| More info... | ||
| Konzerthaus, Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany Friday 31-May-13 Mahler Chamber Orchestra | ||
| Friday 31-May-13 08:00pm |
Altes Rathaus: Festsaal, LeipzigMDR Rathauskonzert No. 8 |
|
| More info... | ||
| Altes Rathaus: Festsaal, Leipzig, Markt 1, D-04109 Leipzig, Germany Friday 31-May-13 08:00pm MDR Rathauskonzert No. 8 | ||
| Friday 31-May-13 08:00pm |
Ludwigsburg Palace: ChurchChoir of the Nikolajewskij Cathedral Ludwigsburg Festival |
Works by Traditional Russian |
| More info... | ||
| Ludwigsburg Palace: Church, Schlossstraße 30, 71634 Ludwigsburg, Germany Friday 31-May-13 08:00pm Choir of the Nikolajewskij Cathedral Works by Traditional Russian | ||
| Friday 31-May-13 08:00pm |
Palace (Großer Garten), DresdenDoric String Quartet |
|
| More info... | ||
| Palace (Großer Garten), Dresden, Hauptallee / Am Palaisteich, 01219 Dresden, Germany Friday 31-May-13 08:00pm Doric String Quartet | ||
| Friday 31-May-13 08:00pm |
Philharmonie: Großer Saal, BerlinBerliner Philharmoniker, Sir Simon Rattle |
|
![]() | ||
| Philharmonie: Großer Saal, Berlin, D10785 Berlin, Germany Friday 31-May-13 08:00pm Berliner Philharmoniker, Sir Simon Rattle Boulez, Pierre (b. 1925), Notations, for orchestra (selection) | ||
| Friday 31-May-13 08:00pm |
Harenberg City-Center: Amphi-Saal, Dortmund"The best of the best" | Winners Concert 2 Ruhr Piano Festival |
See More info... for programme details. |
![]() | ||
| Harenberg City-Center: Amphi-Saal, Dortmund, Königswall 21, 44137 Dortmund, Germany Friday 31-May-13 08:00pm "The best of the best" | Winners Concert 2 Prices € 24 | 15 (concessions)15% discount for all four concerts in the series "The best of the best" Given by the winner of the Concours International Long Thibaud, Paris 2012 | ||
| Saturday 1-Jun-13 04:00pm |
St Vitus Kirche, Veitshochheim, WürzburgSpatzen Quartett Regensburg Mozartfest Würzburg |
Works by Palestrina Works by Scarlatti Works by Rossini Works by Mendelssohn Works by Verdi Works by Bruckner Works by Mozart |
![]() | ||
| St Vitus Kirche, Veitshochheim, Würzburg, Herrnstraße 1, 97209 Würzburg, Germany Saturday 1-Jun-13 04:00pm Spatzen Quartett Regensburg Works by Scarlatti, Alessandro (1660-1725) Works by Rossini, Gioacchino (1792-1868) Works by Mendelssohn, Felix (1809-1847) Works by Verdi, Giuseppe (1813-1901) Works by Bruckner, Anton (1824-1896) Works by Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus (1756-1791) | ||
| Saturday 1-Jun-13 08:00pm |
Residenz: Kaisersaal, WürzburgPhilharmonisches Orchester Würzburg Mozartfest Würzburg |
|
![]() | ||
| Residenz: Kaisersaal, Würzburg, Residenzplatz 2, 97090 Würzburg, Germany Saturday 1-Jun-13 08:00pm Philharmonisches Orchester Würzburg ![]() Image credit: Oliver Lang | ||
| Saturday 1-Jun-13 08:00pm |
Harenberg City-Center: Amphi-Saal, Dortmund"The best of the best" | Winners Concert 3: Federico Colli Ruhr Piano Festival |
|
![]() | ||
| Harenberg City-Center: Amphi-Saal, Dortmund, Königswall 21, 44137 Dortmund, Germany Saturday 1-Jun-13 08:00pm "The best of the best" | Winners Concert 3: Federico Colli Prices € 24 | 15 (concessions)15% discount for all four concerts in the series "The best of the best" | ||
| Saturday 1-Jun-13 08:00pm |
Schloss Weilburg (Weilburg Castle)Weilburg Castle Concerts - Opening Concert |
|
| More info... | ||
| Schloss Weilburg (Weilburg Castle), Schloßplatz 3, 35781 Weilburg, Germany Saturday 1-Jun-13 08:00pm Weilburg Castle Concerts - Opening Concert | ||
| Sunday 2-Jun-13 |
Pflugsaal, LahrFreiburger Barockorchester: The first FBO concert from 1987 |
Muffat, Suite in G major |
![]() | ||
| Pflugsaal, Lahr, Kaiserstraße 41, 77 933 Lahr Lahr, Germany Sunday 2-Jun-13 Freiburger Barockorchester: The first FBO concert from 1987 ![]() Muffat, Georg (1653-1704), Suite in G major | ||
| Sunday 2-Jun-13 |
Philharmonie: Alfried Krupp Saal, EssenMahler Chamber Orchestra |
|
| More info... | ||
| Philharmonie: Alfried Krupp Saal, Essen, Huyssenallee 53, 45128 Essen, Germany Sunday 2-Jun-13 Mahler Chamber Orchestra | ||
| Sunday 2-Jun-13 11:00am |
Neubaukirche, WürzburgFürstlich Löwensteinische Hofmusic Mozartfest Würzburg |
Witt, concertantes sextett |
![]() | ||
| Neubaukirche, Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany Sunday 2-Jun-13 11:00am Fürstlich Löwensteinische Hofmusic Witt, Friedrich (1770-1836), concertantes sextett | ||
| Sunday 2-Jun-13 11:00am |
Studio WPR, ReutlingenMatinée: Arpeggio |
|
| More info... | ||
| Studio WPR, Reutlingen, Marie-Curie-Straße 8, 72760 Reutlingen, Germany Sunday 2-Jun-13 11:00am Matinée: Arpeggio | ||
| Sunday 2-Jun-13 02:00pm |
Hochschule für Musik: Kammermusiksaal, WürzburgChildren's Concert: Mozart's Wild Dances Mozartfest Würzburg |
See More info... for programme details. |
![]() | ||
| Hochschule für Musik: Kammermusiksaal, Würzburg, Hofstallstraße 6-8, D-97070 Würzburg, Germany Sunday 2-Jun-13 02:00pm Children's Concert: Mozart's Wild Dances For children from 5 to 12 years old. | ||
| Sunday 2-Jun-13 04:00pm |
Hochschule für Musik: Kammermusiksaal, WürzburgChildren's Concert: Mozart's Wild Dance Mozartfest Würzburg |
See More info... for programme details. |
![]() | ||
| Hochschule für Musik: Kammermusiksaal, Würzburg, Hofstallstraße 6-8, D-97070 Würzburg, Germany Sunday 2-Jun-13 04:00pm Children's Concert: Mozart's Wild Dance For children from 5 to 12 years old. | ||
| Sunday 2-Jun-13 04:00pm |
Residenz: Gartensaal, WürzburgSchumann Quartet Mozartfest Würzburg |
|
![]() | ||
| Residenz: Gartensaal, Würzburg, Residenzplatz 2, 97070 Würzburg, Germany Sunday 2-Jun-13 04:00pm Schumann Quartet | ||
| Sunday 2-Jun-13 04:00pm |
Konzerthaus, Dortmundhr-Sinfonieorchester |
|
| More info... | ||
| Konzerthaus, Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany Sunday 2-Jun-13 04:00pm hr-Sinfonieorchester | ||
| Sunday 2-Jun-13 04:00pm |
Haus Fuhr, EssenLet's go to the opera! Bayreuth and Weimar – Franz Liszt's Transcriptions from Wagner's Operas Ruhr Piano Festival |
|
![]() | ||
| Haus Fuhr, Essen, Heckstr. 16, 45239 Essen, Germany Sunday 2-Jun-13 04:00pm Let's go to the opera! Bayreuth and Weimar – Franz Liszt's Transcriptions from Wagner's Operas Single ticket prices from € 15 | day pass € 58 | | 10 (concessions) 42 (reduced) Liszt, Franz (1811-1886), Am stillen Herd, from Die Meistersinger von Nürnberg, transc. for piano, S 448 | ||
| Sunday 2-Jun-13 05:00pm |
Haus Fuhr, EssenLet's go to the opera! Wagner and Verdi 1 Ruhr Piano Festival |
Wagner, Tristan und Isolde: Liebestod (transc. for piano by Moritz Moszkowski) |
![]() | ||
| Haus Fuhr, Essen, Heckstr. 16, 45239 Essen, Germany Sunday 2-Jun-13 05:00pm Let's go to the opera! Wagner and Verdi 1 Single ticket prices from € 15 | day pass € 58 | | 10 (concessions) 42 (reduced) Wagner, Richard (1813-1883), Tristan und Isolde: Liebestod (transc. for piano by Moritz Moszkowski) | ||
| Sunday 2-Jun-13 05:00pm |
Konzerthalle Bamberg: Joseph Keilberth SaalChamber Concert |
|
![]() | ||
| Konzerthalle Bamberg: Joseph Keilberth Saal, Mußstr. 1, 96047 Bamberg, Germany Sunday 2-Jun-13 05:00pm Chamber Concert ![]() Image credit: Peter Eberts | ||
| Sunday 2-Jun-13 05:00pm |
Marktkirche St Nicolai, HamelnNordwestdeutschen Philharmonie Herford |
|
| More info... | ||
| Marktkirche St Nicolai, Hameln, Emmernstraße 6 31785, 31785 Hameln, Germany Sunday 2-Jun-13 05:00pm Nordwestdeutschen Philharmonie Herford | ||
| Sunday 2-Jun-13 06:00pm |
Haus Fuhr, EssenLet's go to the opera! Wagner and Verdi 2 – An Odd Couple? Ruhr Piano Festival |
Wagner, Die Meistersinger von Nürnberg: overture (transc. for piano by Zoltán Kocsis) Wagner, Parsifal: Flower Maidens scene (transc. for piano by Zoltán Kocsis) Verdi, I lombardi: Salve Maria (transc. for piano by Franz Liszt) Wagner, Tannhäuser: overture (arr. for piano four hands by the composer) |
![]() | ||
| Haus Fuhr, Essen, Heckstr. 16, 45239 Essen, Germany Sunday 2-Jun-13 06:00pm Let's go to the opera! Wagner and Verdi 2 – An Odd Couple? Single ticket prices from € 15 | day pass € 58 | 10 (concessions) | 42 (reduced) Wagner, Richard (1813-1883), Die Meistersinger von Nürnberg: overture (transc. for piano by Zoltán Kocsis) Wagner, Richard (1813-1883), Parsifal: Flower Maidens scene (transc. for piano by Zoltán Kocsis) Verdi, Giuseppe (1813-1901), I lombardi: Salve Maria (transc. for piano by Franz Liszt) Wagner, Richard (1813-1883), Tannhäuser: overture (arr. for piano four hands by the composer) | ||
| Sunday 2-Jun-13 07:30pm |
Haus Fuhr, EssenLet's go to the opera! Verdi's Italy - Paraphrases on Verdi's operas Ruhr Piano Festival |
|
![]() | ||
| Haus Fuhr, Essen, Heckstr. 16, 45239 Essen, Germany Sunday 2-Jun-13 07:30pm Let's go to the opera! Verdi's Italy - Paraphrases on Verdi's operas Single ticket prices from € 15 | day pass € 58 | 10 (concessions) | 42 (reduced) | ||
| Sunday 2-Jun-13 08:00pm |
Residenz: Kaisersaal, WürzburgAcademy of Ancient Music Mozartfest Würzburg |
|
![]() | ||
| Residenz: Kaisersaal, Würzburg, Residenzplatz 2, 97090 Würzburg, Germany Sunday 2-Jun-13 08:00pm Academy of Ancient Music ![]() Image credit: Oliver Lang | ||
| Sunday 2-Jun-13 08:30pm |
Haus Fuhr, EssenLet's go to the opera! "Encores and other surprises" Ruhr Piano Festival |
See More info... for programme details. |
![]() | ||
| Haus Fuhr, Essen, Heckstr. 16, 45239 Essen, Germany Sunday 2-Jun-13 08:30pm Let's go to the opera! "Encores and other surprises" Single ticket prices from € 15 | day pass € 58 | 10 (concessions) | 42 (reduced) | ||